哈尔滨的旧城改造与城市设计问题──兼论城市设计的历史继承与创新发展

以哈尔滨为例，通过对城市设计中历史经验的总结，以及对现实中成功与不足的分析，探讨了在城市设计中应注意的问题     

基于ANFIS的长期电力负荷预测模型

某电力公司的长期负荷预测模型,利用自适应神经网络模糊推理系统(ANFIS)建立.其结构分为计算输入的模糊隶属度、每条规则适用度、适用度归一化、每条规则输出及模糊系统输出5层.系统网络中含14个待定的前件和后件参数.采用Matlab编程,通过Sugeno和evalfis函数训练ANFIS,按指定指标得到这些参数,实现模糊预测.     

变速率与空间复用相结合的遥感数传技术

为进一步提高遥感卫星数据传输效率,在现有单用户变速率传输方法的基础上,提出变速率与空间复用相结合的遥感数传技术,通过“最佳终端组”的选择和自适应调制编码方式的设定,实现遥感卫星同时对多个地面终端的并发数据传输,从而提升遥感卫星过境窗口内的数据传输容量;分析与仿真结果显示:结合空间复用技术后,在卫星中心角7.5 ～5.5度区间内,多用户变速率传输方式的容量较现有单用户变速率方式提高了约60％.     

我国集中连片特困地区基本教育设施建设途径优化研究 ——以万源市小学教育设施为例

对于我国集中连片特困地区而言, 公共服务设施的配置无疑是新阶段的重 点,其中教育设施的均等化更是该区域公平 和发展的重要保障。为了完善该区域公共 服务设施的布局,促使其实现均等化,研究 以万源市教育设施的建设途径为核心,对万 源市教育设施现状进行了调研,总结了目前 该区域教育设施的建设困境,最终从空间布 局、政策保障和教育结构优化3个主要方面 提出万源市教育设施的建设优化途径,以期 为该区域公共服务设施的均等化提供启发 和借鉴。     

基于观测器的无人机编队自适应容错控制

针对多无人机编队飞行中的僚机故障问题,设计了一种基于观测器的自适应容错控制方法。首先,基于领导跟随法建立了无人机编队模型及僚机故障的编队模型,并将其划分为位置子系统与偏航角子系统。其次,基于观测器技术对位置子系统中的状态和故障进行观测,并结合观测的状态和故障信息构造状态反馈控制律;然后,基于自适应方法给出偏航角子系统的控制设计方案,并用Lyapunov理论证明系统跟踪误差最终有界收敛。通过仿真,本文算法在发生故障后对系统的完全跟踪时间和稳态误差分别比基于鲁棒故障估计的方法最大降低了76%和70.3%,并且均比传统观测器的方法明显减少较大,证明了本文算法能更好的克服偏差故障带来的不利影响,有效实现四旋翼无人机群的编队飞行。     

Adaptive intelligent techniques for microgrid control systems: A survey

This paper introduces a survey on the adaptive and intelligent methods that have been applied to microgrids systems. Interestingly, the adaptive technique is effectively exercised in various control issues including stability, tracking error, and parameter uncertainties. Adaptive control has been extremely developed by using intelligent algorithms to automatically tune the control parameters namely fuzzy logic, particle swarm optimization, bacterial search algorithm, and etc. The objective is to evaluate and classify the design control methods and evaluation algorithms for the microgrid systems to maintain stability, reliability, and load variations by adjusting the controller parameters especially in standalone operation mode. The stability of islanded microgrids are constantly impacted by the related loads. A significant part of the research on an islanded microgrid involves droop control technique. In normal operation, distributed generation units and storage units provide power quality control. Once a shutdown is occurred, microgrid can be isolated from the main grid and operate in a local grid to support the local loads. Thus, distributed generations co-operate storage units to sustain the stability of the islanded microgrid.     

Adaptive programme management through a balanced performance/strategy oriented focus

This paper explores how programme management (as opposed to project management) can contribute to the effective design and delivery of megaprojects. Traditionally, project management is considered to be performance focused and task oriented, whilst programme management entails a more strategic focus. The programme management literature suggests that this can result in tensions between the management of the projects and the programme as a whole. This paper uses the findings of the €2.4 billion Room for the River flood protection programme in the Netherlands as a case study, because indicators about its budget, time, quality and stakeholder satisfaction suggest high programme management performance upon completion of the planning and design stage of its 39 river widening projects. Based on a literature review, document analysis and 55 face-to-face interviews, we have analysed how the programme management of the programme contributed to this result. Six attributes for effective programme management that are identified from the project and programme management literature are used to structure the research data. Consecutively, the interactions between project and programme management are analysed. The analysis of Room for the River reveals a combined strategic/performance focus at the level of both programme and project management that enables a collaborative approach between programme and project management. This particularly enables effective stakeholder collaboration, coordination and adaptation of the programme to contextual changes, newly acquired insights and the changing needs of consecutive planning stages, which positively contributes to the performance of the programme as a whole.     

顶管规程与设计手册中管材允许顶力计算方法的对比及建议

本文对不同参考文献中关于顶管管材允许顶力的不同计算方法的计算结果进行了对比,总结分析了其中的异同,指出了文献中存在的疑问,建议关于顶管管材允许顶力的计算应统一采用《规程》中的方法 。     

Indirect adaptive fuzzy fault-tolerant tracking control for MIMO nonlinear systems with actuator and sensor failures

In this paper, an active fuzzy fault tolerant tracking control (AFFTTC) scheme is developed for a class of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) unknown nonlinear systems in the presence of unknown actuator faults, sensor failures and external disturbance. The developed control scheme deals with four kinds of faults for both sensors and actuators. The bias, drift, and loss of accuracy additive faults are considered along with the loss of effectiveness multiplicative fault. A fuzzy adaptive controller based on back-stepping design is developed to deal with actuator failures and unknown system dynamics. However, an additional robust control term is added to deal with sensor faults, approximation errors, and external disturbances. Lyapunov theory is used to prove the stability of the closed loop system. Numerical simulations on a quadrotor are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Adaptive control for spacecraft rendezvous subject to actuator faults and saturations

An adaptive saturated fault-tolerant controller is proposed for a spacecraft rendezvous maneuver with a cooperative target spacecraft. The six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) relative dynamics subject to unknown inertial parameters, external disturbances, actuator faults and saturations are formulated in the pursuer's body-fixed frame. To design controller satisfying asymmetric magnitude constraints, a modified smooth hyperbolic tangent function is applied to approximate the non-differentiable saturation function. Based on the augmented system technique, an adaptive fault-tolerant saturated controller is designed for the pursuer by using a Nussbaum function matrix compensating for the nonlinear term arising from the input saturations. In addition, a Levant differentiator is introduced to obtain the derivative of the virtual control in finite time that avoids the complicated calculation. It is proved via Lyapunov stability theory that all the signals in the closed-loop augmented system are bounded and the relative errors asymptotically converge to zero. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate effectiveness of the proposed controller.